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Sogali, Bharani S.
- Design and Optimization of Controlled Drug Delivery System of Losartan Potassium
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 130-137Abstract
Purpose: The objective of the study was to develop microspheres of Losartan potassium as controlled drug delivery system by using various polymer (HPMC and Ethylcellulose), evaluating the relationship and influence of different content levels of HPMC, and Ethylcellulose, in order to achieve a zero order release of Losartan potassium.
Approach: Microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation process. Release kinetics was evaluated by using United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) type I dissolution apparatus. The release mechanism of microspheres loaded with Losartan potassium was determined by fitting the data in Korsmeryer peppas equation. The regression coefficient values for Peppas model was found to be high, indicating adequate fitting. The 'n' value was ranged from 0.548 to 0.963 indicating Non Fickian diffusion for all the formulations. Optimization was performed by using desirability function. To validate the model, the optimized formula was subjected to in vitro characterization.
Findings: Release kinetics of Losartan potassium from these microspheres was principally regulated by HPMC K4M and Ethylcellulose. Percentage yield, entrapment efficiency and particle size of optimized formula was found to be 91.42%, 68.01% and 310μm. Formulation (F1) release at the end of 12 hours of dissolution studies was found to be 79.81%.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that Losartan potassium loaded microspheres could be successfully formulated by using HPMC 4KM and Ethylcellulose by solvent evaporation method to obtain maximum percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, desired particle size.
Keywords
Microspheres, Losartan Potassium, HPMC K4M, Ethylcellulose, Percentage Yield, Drug Content, Entrapment Efficiency.Full Text
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- A Review on Extended Release Matrix Tablet
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur, Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 147-152Abstract
Purpose : The aim of the study was to explore the necessity, advantages and different techniques of extended release matrix tablet to achieve continuous delivery of drugs at predictable rate and reproducible kinetics for a preterm delivery and provide a therapeutic amount of a drug to the proper site of the body to achieve promptly and then maintain the desired drug concentration.
Approach: Different types of extended release matrix tablet have been explained briefly along with the various formulation which mainly by wet granulation or direct compression method or by dispersion of solid particle within a porous matrix formed by using different polymers like HPMC, guar gum, xanthan gum, pectin, chitosan etc.
Finding: The matrix controls the release rate of drug. Release retardants like HPMC can aid in extended release and thus they form core excipient of the formulation. The matrices used may be hydrophilic, hydrophobic, mineral, or biodegradable types. The drug release rate can be studied by in vitro dissolution studies. Some drugs that have been formulated as extended release matrix tablets are Ambroxol HCl, Clarithromycin, Indomethacin etc.
Conclusion: The extended release matrix tablets can assure better patient compliance through reduction in total dose and dosage regimen, which can be great help to treat chronic diseases. This review highlights the types of matrices, mechanisms involved and evaluation studies.
Keywords
Extended Release, Polymer, In Vitro Dissolution, Matrix Tablet.Full Text
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- Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery System - An Innovative Approch for Enhacement of Solubility and Therapeutic Potential
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikka Bellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore-560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 15, No 4 (2016), Pagination: 153-161Abstract
Purpose: As the development of modern drug discovery techniques, there has been increase in the number of pharmaceutical compounds that are poorly water soluble. These lipophilic compounds possess low dissolution rate and therefore low bioavailability. The Formulation scientists should adopt various strategies to enhance their absorption. This paper is an insight for improving the solubility of poorly water soluble compounds.
Approach: Lipidic formulations are found to be a promising approach to combat the solubility challenges. Self Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SMEDDS) are gaining more attention for improving the solubility of the lipophilic drugs.
Findings: SMEDDS are isotropic mixtures of oil, surfactant and co surfactant and are vital tool in solving low bioavailability problems of poorly soluble drugs. Lipophilic drugs can be dissolved in these systems, enabling them to be administered per orally. When this is released into the lumen it results in w/o microemulsion with the aid of G.I fluid.
Conclusion: This present review describes various formulation components, mechanism of emulsification, biopharm aspects, characterization methods and application of SMEDDS.
Keywords
Surfactants, Solubility, SMEDDS, Microemulsion.Full Text
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- A Review:Solid Dispersion, a Technique of Solubility Enhancement
Authors
1 Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Chikkabellandur Village, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 25-31Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the necessity, advantages and different techniques of solid dispersion for enhancing solubility of poorly soluble drugs.
Approach: Different types of solid dispersion have been explained briefly along with the various techniques of solid dispersion in detail.
Findings: Solid dispersions of poorly soluble drugs have been found to give positive results in enhancing its solubility and dissolution characters.
Conclusion: Solid dispersion techniques improve solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Solid dispersions can be incorporated into various dosage forms with wide range of applicability.
Keywords
Solid Dispersion Techniques, Solubility, Advantages, Disadvantages, Carriers.Full Text
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- Solid Lipid Nanoparticles- An Innovative Approach for Improving the Solubility and Bioavailability
Authors
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, #12/1, Chikkabellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli, Bangalore - 560035, KA, IN
Source
Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Vol 16, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 148-153Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to give a general review on solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as a novel drug carrier for improving the solubility and bioavailability of drugs.
Approach: Among the various colloidal drug carriers, SLNs have been emerged as next generation drug delivery system for incorporating lipophilic drugs. They are relatively nontoxic and nonirritant. The review insight on the various methods of preparation, characterization and also the application of SLNs for improving the solubility and bioavailability is explained here.
Findings: SLNs is used as a novel carrier for improving the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which may results in enhanced bioavailability and stability of drug can also be improved by incorporating drug in the form of solid lipid nanoparticles.
Conclusion: This review presents an overview of SLNs which includes SLN and its properties, excipients, techniques used in preparation of SLNs, characterization, and their applications.
Keywords
Bioavailability, Solubility, Lipophilic, Stability, Advantages, Disadvantages.Full Text
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